How to relieve an allergic skin reaction?

Good day, dear readers!
In today's article we will look at a disease such as allergy , as well as its causes, symptoms, types, prevention and treatment of allergies using traditional and folk remedies.

An allergy is an increased sensitivity of the body to a substance, often harmless to most people, that causes a violent reaction in the body (an allergic reaction).

The main signs of allergies in humans are: rash, itching, sneezing, tears, nausea, etc.

The duration of an allergy in most cases ranges from a few minutes to several days, depending on the degree of exposure to the allergen on the body.

An allergen is a substance that provokes the development of an allergic reaction in a person. Most often, allergens are animal hair, microbes, plant pollen, poplar fluff, dust, food, chemicals and medications.

It is also worth noting that since Each person has his own individual body and level of health, the same allergen can cause severe allergy damage in one person, while another will not have the slightest symptom of this disease. The same applies to symptoms, the duration of the allergic reaction, and other characteristics of the allergy. Based on this, we can conclude that allergies are an individual disease. An allergic reaction depends on the genetic characteristics of the immune system.

As of 2020, doctors note that allergies are observed in more than 85% of the world's population! And the number continues to grow. As for the theory of such a spread of allergies, the following factors can be noted: weakening of the immune system, non-compliance with personal hygiene standards, increased consumption of chemical industry products - powders, cosmetics, medicines, some food products (convenience foods, soda, GMOs, etc.).

Allergy. ICD

ICD-10: T78.4 ICD-9: 995.3

Allergy symptoms

Allergy symptoms are very diverse, depending on the individual body, degree of health, contact with the allergen, and the location of the development of the allergic reaction. Let's look at the main types of allergies.

Respiratory allergies

Respiratory allergies (respiratory allergies). It develops as a result of the entry into the body through the respiratory system of allergens (aeroallergens) such as dust, pollen, gases, waste products of dust mites.

The main symptoms of respiratory allergies are:

- itching in the nose; - sneezing; - mucous discharge from the nose, nasal congestion, runny nose; - sometimes possible: cough, wheezing when breathing, suffocation.

Typical diseases of respiratory tract allergies are: allergic rhinitis, bronchial asthma.

Allergy to the eyes

The development of allergies in the eyes is most often provoked by the same aeroallergens - dust, pollen, gases, waste products of dust mites, as well as animal hair (especially cats), and various infections.

The main symptoms of eye allergies are:

- increased tearfulness; - redness of the eyes; - severe burning sensation in the eyes; - swelling around the eyes.

Typical diseases of eye allergies are: allergic conjunctivitis.

Skin allergies

The development of skin allergies is most often provoked by: food, household chemicals, cosmetics, medications, aeroallergens, sun, cold, synthetic clothing, contact with animals.

The main symptoms of skin allergies are:

- dry skin; - peeling; - itching; - redness of the skin; - rashes, urticaria; - blisters; - swelling.

Typical diseases of skin allergies are: dermatoses (dermatitis, psoriasis, eczema, etc.).

Food allergies

The development of food allergies is most often provoked by various foods, and not necessarily harmful ones. Today, many people have allergies to honey, milk, eggs, seafood, nuts (especially peanuts), and citrus fruits. In addition, food allergies can be caused by chemicals (sulfites), medications, infections.

The main symptoms of skin allergies are:

- nausea, vomiting; - diarrhea, constipation; - abdominal pain, colic; - swelling of the lips and tongue; - diathesis, itching on the skin, redness; - anaphylactic shock, suffocation.

Typical diseases of food allergies are: enteropathy.

Anaphylactic shock

Anaphylactic shock is the most dangerous type of allergy, which develops rapidly and can be fatal!
Anaphylactic shock can be caused by taking a drug or an insect bite (wasp, bee).

Hives

Urticaria is a very common skin disease that involves the formation of local swelling and blisters, accompanied by severe itching.

Symptoms of urticaria appear only after contact with an external or internal irritant and are as follows:

• Formation of blisters, the size of which can be 5 mm.
• The color of the blisters is pink or red.
• Cardiopalmus.
• General weakness.
• Swelling of the skin.
• Sometimes there is a burning sensation.
• Itching.
• Dizziness.

After the blisters disappear, no marks remain on the body. As for the causes of urticaria, only 5% of them are allergic.

The main ones should be highlighted:

• Presence of a viral infection.
• Insect bite.
• Blood transfusion.
• Stress.
• Cold.
• Sun rays.
• Tight clothes, woolen items.

Photo of hives

To visualize this skin disease, a photo of urticaria is presented.

How to distinguish allergies from other diseases?

Allergy symptoms are often confused with other illnesses, such as the common cold, so it is important to make some distinctions (between allergies and colds):

— body temperature during allergies, as a rule, does not rise; - nasal discharge is clear, watery, without purulent formations; - sneezing with allergies continues for a long time, sometimes in whole series.

Causes of allergies

Allergies can be caused by a large number of substances, body characteristics and other factors. Let's look at the most popular, or better yet, common causes of allergies:

Poor nutrition. The modern world, due to its “development”, is increasingly coming up with various chemicals that replace ordinary food products. Various chemical food additives also play a significant role (the so-called food additives - “E***”. Some of them can not only cause an allergic reaction, but also a set of additional diseases. For example, today I was in the store, I saw that they were selling regular minced meat , wrapped in polyethylene. I look at the ingredients: minced chicken, salt, pepper, and off we go... 3 or 4 eshki. Question: why? Flavors, dyes, preservatives? All these additives can cause damage to the nervous, endocrine, immune and other systems. This To ensure that you, dear readers, carefully study the composition of the product before purchasing it, and especially consuming it. And for a better acquaintance with food additives, I suggest you read this article: Food additives (E***). Description, designation , classification and decoding of food additives.

In addition to GMO foods and food additives, the following foods cause harm to the body: processed foods, fast foods, soda, most modern sweets, as well as food with minimal or complete absence of vitamins and microelements.

Toxicoderma

Toxicoderma is often called toxic-allergic dermatitis. This disease is characterized by an acute inflammatory process that spreads throughout the skin. Sometimes the mucous membranes are also affected. Most often, toxicoderma develops based on side effects after taking any medications.

Symptoms during the development of toxicoderma can be varied, because it depends on the type of disease

However, some common ones can be identified:

• Rashes on the skin.
• The color of the rash is pink or red.
• Inflammations of different sizes.
• Blistering.

Causes of toxicoderma:

• Medications.
• Food.
• Interaction of chemicals.

Photo of toxicoderma

Diagnosis of allergies

To detect the allergen that is the source of the allergy, it is best to consult your doctor, because Only an accurate diagnosis can increase the positive prognosis for allergy treatment, as well as prevent the future use of a particular product that can cause a considerable number of problems associated with an allergic reaction.

Of course, in some situations, you can yourself discover a product or a negative factor that causes an allergy in a person, for example, if after eating sweets or being in the cold for a long time, symptoms characteristic of allergies appear, then you can reduce these factors to a minimum. But here there is a caveat, because if your body reacts sharply to eating sweets, then an allergic reaction may indicate the presence of diabetes. Therefore, the right solution is to consult a doctor.

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To diagnose allergies use:

Skin tests. A small amount of different allergens is introduced into the body, and the body's reaction to them is analyzed.

Blood test for IgE. The total amount of IgE antibodies in the blood is determined, as well as their relationship to certain allergens.

Skin or patch tests (Patch-testing). A special mixture of paraffin or petroleum jelly and a mixture of various allergens is applied to the skin, which must be carried on you for 2 days, after which studies are carried out to identify the allergen that caused the allergic reaction. If there is no reaction, the test is repeated.

Provocative tests. Presumable allergens are introduced into the human body, under the strict supervision of doctors in a medical institution, due to which the person exhibits an allergic reaction.

Eczema

The appearance of scaly spots, mainly on dry skin, indicates the onset of a disease such as eczema. Subsequently, the spots form plaques that reach several centimeters in size.

Manifestations of this disease are typical in the following areas of the skin: elbows, head, neck, face, under the knee. Eczema is not a contagious disease and most often occurs in childhood. The causes of this disease have not yet been established. Some of the factors that influence the development of the disease are asthma, food allergies, etc.

Microcracks form in damaged areas of the skin, which allow infection to enter the body, so antibiotics are most often used for treatment.

First aid for allergies

In some situations, allergies develop so quickly that timely medical care can literally save a person from death. Therefore, let's look at what you can do if you see a person who is having an allergic reaction.

First aid for mild allergies

Symptoms:

- redness, rash, blisters, itching and/or swelling of the skin in the area where there was contact with the causative agent of the reaction; - redness of the eyes, increased tearing; - copious watery discharge from the nose, runny nose; - sneezing (in series).

First aid:

1. Thoroughly rinse the area of ​​contact with the pathogen with warm water; 2. If the cause of the allergy is an insect bite, such as a wasp or a bee, remove the sting from the skin; 3. Limit, as far as possible, possible contact with the causative agent of the allergic reaction; 4. Apply a cold compress to the area with the allergic reaction; 5. Drink an antihistamine (anti-allergic) drug: Clemastine, Suprastin, Loratadine, Chlorpyramin.

If the measures taken do not help, and the allergic reaction goes beyond a mild degree of damage, immediately call an ambulance, and at this time take emergency action for severe allergies. If you do not remember the steps, before the ambulance arrives, ask the medical facility staff what to do in this situation by phone.

First aid for severe allergies

Symptoms:

- difficulty breathing, shortness of breath, spasms in the throat; - swelling of the tongue; - speech disorders (hoarseness, slurred speech); - increased heart rate; - nausea, vomiting; - swelling of the face and body; - general weakness; - state of anxiety, panic; - dizziness, loss of consciousness.

First aid:

1. Call emergency medical help immediately; 2. Free the person from tight clothing. 3. Ensure free air flow. 4. Give an antihistamine: “Tavegil”, “Suprastin”, “Claritin”. If the reaction develops rapidly, it is better to administer the drug by injection, for example: Diphenhydramine (for anaphylactic shock). 5. Make sure that when a person vomits, he turns on his side, which is necessary to prevent vomit from entering the respiratory tract. 6. Watch your tongue so that the person does not swallow it. 7. If breathing or heartbeat stops, begin resuscitation: artificial respiration and chest compressions. Take measures until the ambulance arrives.

Allergy treatment

There is virtually no treatment for allergies as such, because in most cases, an allergic reaction is a reflection of the attitude of a particular person’s body to a specific substance (allergen). In this regard, the treatment of allergies should be understood as:

- identification of the causative agent of the allergic reaction; — isolation of the body’s contact with the identified allergen; - taking medications that relieve allergy symptoms, as well as its transition to a severe form.

Allergy medications

Important! Before using medications, be sure to consult your doctor!

Antihistamines. Antihistamines, or antiallergic drugs, are prescribed first in case of an allergic reaction. During the negative impact of pathological factors on the body, such as allergens (cold, sun, chemistry, etc.), the body activates histamine, which actually causes allergic reactions - allergy symptoms. Antihistamines bind and deactivate this substance, thereby relieving allergy symptoms.

The most popular antihistamines: Loratadine, Claritin, Suprastin, Tavegil, Zyrtec, Diphenhydramine.

Decongestants. Prescribed mainly for respiratory allergies, accompanied by difficulty breathing through the nose (nasal congestion), sinusitis, rhinitis, colds, and flu. Decongestants normalize blood flow in the inner walls of the nasal cavity (reduce swelling), which is disrupted due to the protective reaction of the nose to allergens entering it.

The most popular decongestants: Xylometazoline, Oxymetazoline, Pseudoephedrine.

Contraindications to taking decongestants: nursing mothers, children under 12 years of age, and those with hypertension.

Side effects: weakness, headache, dry mouth, hallucinations, anaphylactic shock.

You should not take the drugs for more than 5-7 days, otherwise there is a risk of developing a reverse reaction.

Steroid sprays. Like decongestants, they are designed to reduce inflammatory processes in the nasal cavity. The difference is primarily the minimization of adverse reactions. They are hormonal drugs.

The most popular steroid sprays: Beclomethasone (Beclazon, Bekonas), Mometasone (Asmanex, Momat, Nasonex), Flucatisone (Avamys, Nazarel, Flixonase)

Leukotriene inhibitors. Leukotrienes are substances that cause inflammation and swelling of the respiratory tract in the body, as well as bronchospasms, which are characteristic symptoms of bronchial asthma.

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The most popular leukotriene inhibitors: Montelukast, Singulair.

Side effects: headache, earache, sore throat.

Hyposensitization

In severe forms of respiratory allergies, as well as in other types of allergies that are difficult to treat, a treatment method such as hyposensitization is prescribed, one of the methods of which is ASIT.

Hemorrhagic rash (allergic spots)

The symptoms of hemorrhagic rash in adults deserve special attention. It is strongly recommended to pay attention to the fact that it is traditionally located at the level of the epidermis. It is probably located in the papillary layer. This type of rash is formed due to damage to the vascular walls by an infectious agent or certain immune complexes. It is as a result of this that a certain amount of blood on the skin is removed from the blood vessels from the cells.

When applying pressure, such a rash does not disappear, and its shade does not change. Like all other types of spots, hemorrhagic spots are located at the level of the integument, without rising above it. Depending on the size of the areas and the components of the hemorrhagic rash, several varieties are distinguished:

• petechiae is a point element that may not even be visible to the naked eye, even a child’s;
• purpura - up to one cm, for example, on the back;
• ecchymosis (bruise) - more than three mm in size, reminiscent of chickenpox.

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The causes of a hemorrhagic small rash on the skin can be various factors, for example, the use of certain medications or infectious diseases.

Treatment of allergies with folk remedies

Bay leaf. Make a decoction of bay leaves and use it to treat areas where an allergic reaction occurs. This product is great for getting rid of itching and redness. If there are a large number of itchy places on the body, you can take a bath with bay laurel decoction.

You can also use bay oil or bay leaf tincture to treat skin allergies.

Eggshell. An excellent remedy for skin allergies is eggshells. It can also be taken by children. To prepare a medicinal product, you need to take the white shells from several eggs, wash them thoroughly, peel, dry and grind them to a powder, for example, using a coffee grinder. Add a few drops of lemon juice to the shell powder, which promotes better absorption of calcium by the body.

Adults should take the product 1 teaspoon with water once a day or ½ teaspoon 2 times a day. For children 6-12 months old, a pinch on the tip of a knife; for children 1-2 years old, twice as much. From 2 to 7 years, half a teaspoon, and from 14 years - 1 teaspoon of egg wash. The course of treatment is 1-6 months.

Allergy talker. To prepare the product, you need to mix distilled water with ethyl alcohol. Here we add white clay, anesthesin cube and zinc oxide (if not, then good baby powder). For additional effect, you can add a little diphenhydramine here. Shake the mixture thoroughly and treat any skin allergies with it.

Black cumin oil. This oil is an excellent remedy against various forms of allergies, especially seasonal ones. It activates the body's protective functions. Black cumin oil is used as inhalation.

A series. A decoction of the string can be used to treat skin allergies, or add it to baths. In addition, this decoction is useful when consumed orally.

Nettle. Against allergies, it is useful to add ordinary nettle to your menu, for example in cabbage soup. Nettle strengthens the human immune system.

Chamomile. Chamomile is an excellent folk remedy for various dermatoses. To prepare the product, you need to pour boiling water over the grass, wait until the leaves bloom and absorb water. Steamed chamomile leaves should be applied to skin allergies.

Kalina. It is a general tonic against allergies. To prepare the medicine, you need to make an infusion of young shoots of viburnum and take it orally.

Collection. The following collection is often used for medicinal purposes even with advanced allergies. To prepare the product, you need to mix rose hips, centaury and St. John's wort, corn silk, dandelion root and horsetail. Mix everything thoroughly, add to a thermos and pour boiling water. The product is infused for about 7 hours, after which it is cooled, filtered and taken orally for several months.

Soda. Baking soda is excellent for treating allergies, as well as a large number of other diseases. For oral administration, you need to stir half a teaspoon of soda in a glass of warm boiled water, and take the product in the morning, on an empty stomach, 30 minutes before meals. This product also has the effect of cleansing the gastrointestinal tract of toxins. For external use, you can use a soda solution, which copes well with allergic skin reactions.

Prayer. If nothing helps, and doctors cannot help, turn to God. The Lord Jesus Christ did not heal from such diseases, and continues to heal people who turn to Him. The main thing is to believe that nothing is impossible for Him!

Popular causes and types of allergic rashes in adults

An allergic rash can appear due to various factors, for example, there is an allergy to bananas, chicken or citrus fruits, and alcohol. In addition, an equally rare physiological reaction is the occurrence of skin changes due to the sun or alcohol.

Tip: In order to distinguish between these reactions, it is important to know everything about how they manifest themselves and look.

Allergy to bananas

An allergic reaction to bananas in adults can be quite rare. Among all the most common allergens, the presented fruit is classified as a medium allergen. It can provoke specific cross-reactions that extend to other names, for example, peaches or watermelons.

A reaction to bananas can manifest itself as significant itching of the skin of the body, which will subsequently spread to the oral cavity, larynx and lips, and back. Among the main manifestations, dysfunction of the digestive system is identified, namely abdominal pain, diarrhea and vomiting.

Some adults with banana poisoning may experience a prolonged runny nose, swelling of the mucous membrane of the mouth or even nose, rash and numerous rashes. The attack is relieved through the use of antiallergic drugs; in more complex cases, gastric lavage is used. Prevention of the condition involves eliminating bananas from the diet.

For chicken meat

Not everyone can consume chicken meat calmly and without the risk of developing allergies. Most often, such reactions are inherited. The most active provocateurs of such reactions are components called purines. They are the ones who influence the formation of such symptoms: redness, which can form in one place or spread over the entire surface of the body. In addition, experts pay attention to:

1. acquisition of significant wateriness in the whites of the eyes;
2. swelling of not only the tongue, but also the lips;
3. redness in the eye area or itching near the eyelashes.

An allergy to chicken or an allergy to the face in an infant can provoke itching, in which the entire body itches and tingling in the inside of the mouth. It should further be noted that some people may experience respiratory or, for example, gastrointestinal symptoms, namely coughing, minor sneezing, nausea or vomiting. To stop an attack, antihistamines are used; in more severe cases, gastric lavage is used.

For citrus fruits

In adults, allergies to citrus fruits are quite rare; in the vast majority of cases, this is typical for children. Experts note that this can be influenced not so much by the substances contained in the oranges or grapefruits themselves, but by the chemical components with which they are treated - biphenyl, fungicides and many others. Manifestations can be very different: from allergic enterocolitis to an asthma attack or allergic stomatitis. In the most severe situations, anaphylactic shock is likely to develop, which can only be treated in a hospital setting.

When consuming citrus fruits, the patient is recommended to be prescribed antihistamines, and if the condition is aggravated, hormonal drugs are recommended. Enterosorbents must also be prescribed, allowing the intestines to be treated as well.

In the sun

Photodermatitis, or sun allergy, is a pathological condition, the occurrence of which is associated with an increased degree of sensitivity of the skin to sunlight. The leading symptoms of the disease should be considered redness and inflammation of the skin, its peeling. In addition, the skin of the back and other parts of the body may itch or even experience a burning sensation.

The most difficult processes are prevention and treatment, especially with severe reactions. For this purpose, special cream formulations and certain medications can be used: hormonal or immunomodulatory.

Red spots due to alcohol

Allergies to alcoholic beverages can have different symptoms, but most often we are talking about the formation of red spots. They are formed as a physiological response to impurities and additives in certain drinks. The body reacts to alcohol in this way much less often. Paying attention to the features of symptoms, I would like to note that:

• red spots on the skin are symptoms of the initial stage, which gradually turn out to be more and more complex;
• as the reaction develops, the spots merge and begin to form one whole, and the itching also intensifies;
• There is a deterioration in general well-being, and then a runny nose develops, as a result of which the nose can be very itchy.

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Further, the degree of susceptibility becomes aggravated, and the person quickly becomes drunk and develops problems with the digestive system.

Advice: Avoiding such an attack in adults is possible only by abstaining from drinking alcoholic beverages.

In cases where it is necessary to stop an allergic reaction, they resort to gastric lavage. Many people wonder, what is urticaria?

For synthetics

Allergic reactions to synthetics occur quite often and they can occur not only in adults, but also in children. The main reasons for this are: mechanical irritation of the most sensitive areas of the skin of the body, back, as well as a reaction to dyes and chemical components used to process the fabric.

Symptoms of this include redness, rashes and peeling, and the skin in the affected area becomes very itchy. To treat this condition, it is recommended to stop wearing synthetic clothing. It is important to normalize your lifestyle by giving up bad habits. Speaking about drug treatment, attention is paid to the use of antihistamines, ointments and creams.

For electronic cigarettes

Electronic cigarettes cannot be considered much safer than regular cigarettes. They also contain aromatic additives, glycerin, propylene glycol and other ingredients that can cause allergies. The most active in terms of provoking allergies are those names that contain at least a minimal amount of nicotine. In any case, if a person experiences coughing or itching when interacting with them, it is strongly recommended that they stop using e-cigarettes. Otherwise, anaphylactic shock or various hemorrhagic reactions are likely, the treatment of which is problematic.

On the water

Water intolerance, namely aquagenic urticaria, is encountered extremely rarely. The reason for this reaction is not the water itself, but the additional components it contains. Additional factors should be considered aggravated immunity due to the use of antibiotic components, chronic kidney pathologies, as well as immunoglobulin deficiency.

Symptoms of the condition include various skin changes: from micro burns on the back or rashes to irritation and significant dryness. Treatment is prescribed depending on the allergy symptoms in an adult and the specific type of substance, as is the case with alcohol.

On detergents on hands

The vast majority of detergents contain fragrances, fragrances, alkalis and acids, as well as other components. That is why an allergic reaction on the skin of the hands is not uncommon. Paying attention to the symptoms, I would like to note:

1. redness, severe irritation or even a small rash;
2. peeling and itching;
3. severe dryness up to the formation of bleeding cracks that will itch very much.

For the purpose of prevention, it is recommended to abandon the drug that provokes such negative reactions, as well as improve the condition of the skin and immune background. This will allow the body to show greater resistance to such allergens and help answer the question of whether there is an allergy to cold.

For chlorine in the pool

The reaction to bleach manifests itself due to its active chemical composition, and it begins immediately after the composition penetrates the skin area. Symptoms may vary depending on the area of ​​penetration of the component. For example, if we are talking about the eyes, it is redness and burning, if it is about the nasopharynx, then it is a cough or runny nose.

The most dangerous are its vapors, which can affect the entire surface of the human body. The treatment method may be solely prevention, completely eliminating any contact with bleach.

Advice: If it gets on your skin in the pool, it is recommended to take a shower and consult a dermatologist.

Hamster allergy symptoms

When noting symptoms of hamster allergy, they include itching in the eyes, runny nose and sneezing. Aggravated forms of such allergies in adults can provoke a dry cough, severe and prolonged wheezing, and difficulty in the respiratory process. In addition, all kinds of rashes on the skin and body, including hemorrhagic ones, are likely.

Symptoms of an allergy to deodorant

Symptoms of an allergic reaction to deodorant can manifest as various small rashes or redness. In addition, peeling of the skin, swelling, nasal congestion and even rhinitis can be identified. Sneezing and increased breathing should be considered no less pronounced symptoms.

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For metal

After prolonged contact of the skin with the metal, the latter’s ions penetrate into the human body through the upper layer of the epidermis. Due to this, there is a significant impact on the chemical composition of cells, which will give an active physiological response. Speaking about other reasons, experts pay attention to the chemicals present and their intolerance. Allergy symptoms manifest themselves in changes in the skin and an increase in temperature. Treatment will be most effective if you avoid contact with such metals.

For rubber gloves

In the vast majority of cases, such reactions occur on natural latex fibers. It is also obtained from the sap of the rubber tree, which provokes allergies. Its formation can be avoided by using vinyl or acrylic varieties. When coming into contact with such gloves, a person may experience a sore throat or itching, a runny nose, as well as irritation in the lip area, which will be very itchy. For effective treatment, it is recommended to use antiallergic tablets or cream formulations.

Allergy prevention

Allergy prevention includes the following recommendations:

— adhere to the rules of personal hygiene; - try to eat healthy foods enriched with vitamins and microelements; - wear clothes, preferably made from natural fabrics; — it may be necessary to abandon down blankets and pillows; — avoid contact with household chemicals without protective equipment (gloves); - avoid using low-quality cheap cosmetics, if possible, give them up as much as possible; - stop drinking alcohol; - strictly adhere to the diet recommendations of your doctor; - do wet cleaning in residential areas at least 2 times a week; — do not forget to periodically clean the dust filters of devices such as air conditioners, vacuum cleaners, and air purifiers from dirt; — an excellent way to keep your home clean is an air purifier; - avoid stress; — avoid working in contaminated places with poor ventilation (enterprises), otherwise use protective masks; — if you are prone to allergic reactions, always carry antihistamines with you, as well as an “allergy passport.”