Cromohexal side effects. Features of using Cromohexal nasal spray: instructions

Release form and composition of the drug

The main active ingredient in the drug Cromohexal is cromoglycic acid, which is in the form of disodium salt. For 1 milliliter of these eye drops there are 20 milligrams of this substance.

The drug also contains the following ingredients:

• benzalkonium chloride;
• liquid form of sorbitol;
• EDTA;
• sodium chloride;
• sodium monohydrogenphosphate;
• sodium dihydrogen phosphate;
• injection water.

Cromohexal is produced in special plastic bottles, the volume of which is 10 milliliters.

Impact on the body

The drug is distinguished by its local anti-edematous effect, as well as its ability to quickly eliminate all symptomatic manifestations of eye irritation that occur against the background of external exposure to allergens on their mucous membrane.

Cromoglycic acid has a direct effect on the membrane tissue of mast cells, which helps it block the penetration of calcium ions into them with a further release of bioactive elements that are directly responsible for the occurrence of pathological reactions of an allergic nature. Thanks to these properties of cromoglycic acid, the development of allergic manifestations is inhibited, minimizing the likelihood of their occurrence upon contact with allergens.

CROMOHEXAL

Antiallergic drug for local use in ENT practice

Active substance

– sodium cromoglycate (cromoglic acid)

Release form, composition and packaging

◊ Dosed nasal spray

in the form of a transparent solution, from colorless to slightly yellowish, without mechanical inclusions.

Excipients: benzalkonium chloride, sodium chloride, disodium edetate, liquid non-crystallized sorbitol, sodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate, disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate, water for injection.

85 doses (15 ml) – plastic bottles with a dosing device (1) – cardboard packs. 170 doses (30 ml) – plastic bottles with a dosing device (1) – cardboard packs.

pharmachologic effect

An antiallergic agent, has a membrane-stabilizing effect, blocks the entry of calcium ions into the mast cell, preventing its degranulation and the release of histamine, bradykinin, prostaglandins, leukotrienes (including slow-reacting substances) and other biologically active substances. The drug is most effective as a means of prevention. A noticeable clinical effect occurs after a few days or weeks of use.

Pharmacokinetics

When administered intranasally, less than 7% is absorbed into the systemic circulation. Connection with plasma proteins – 65%. Not metabolized, excreted by the kidneys and through the intestines unchanged (in approximately equal amounts within 24 hours after use). T1/2 – 1.5 hours. Part of the active substance is swallowed (about 1%) and excreted through the gastrointestinal tract without significant absorption.

Indications

Prevention and treatment:

• hay fever;
• allergic rhinitis (including seasonal and/or year-round).

Dosage

Intranasally.

For adults and children over 5 years of age, it is recommended to administer 1 aerosol dose (2.8 mg of sodium cromoglycate) into each nasal passage 4 times a day.

If necessary, you can use 1 aerosol dose up to a maximum of 6 times (maximum 16.8 mg) per day in each nasal passage.

After achieving a therapeutic effect, the frequency of use of the drug can be reduced and CromoHEXAL can be used only when in contact with allergens (house dust, fungal spores, pollen).

The course of treatment is 4 weeks. Cancellation should be done gradually over 1 week.

To administer the drug, remove the protective cap, insert the spray device into the nostril and press firmly on the spray mechanism. When using the bottle for the first time, press the spray mechanism several times until droplets of liquid appear.

From the respiratory system:

irritation or burning of the nasal mucosa, frequent sneezing, coughing, rhinorrhea, rarely nosebleeds.

Allergic reactions:

hives, itchy skin, skin rash, swelling of the face, lips or eyelids, difficulty breathing, difficulty swallowing.

Other:

unpleasant taste, headache.

Overdose

There are no data on drug overdose.

Pregnancy and lactation

Contraindicated during pregnancy and lactation.

Use in childhood

Contraindicated in children under 5 years of age.

Storage conditions and periods

Store the drug out of the reach of children and protected from light at a temperature not exceeding 25°C.

Shelf life – 3 years. Do not use after the expiration date indicated on the package. Opened bottles can be used within 6 weeks.

The description of the drug CROMOGEXAL is based on the officially approved instructions for use and approved by the manufacturer.

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Source: https://health.mail.ru/drug/cromohexal/

Indications and contraindications

Eye drops for allergies Cromohexal is mainly used to combat such pathological manifestations as:

1. Elimination and prevention of various types of conjunctivitis of an allergic nature, which occur due to contact with allergens.
2. This drug is widely used as a prophylactic agent that helps prevent the occurrence of allergies in certain seasons.
3. Cromohexal is used to effectively combat symptomatic manifestations of dry eye surface, eye fatigue, as well as inflammatory reactions of the mucous membrane caused by swimming in chlorinated water, exposure to smoke particles, cosmetics, and dust.

The main contraindications to taking this drug include the following factors:

• manifestations of individual hypersensitivity to individual substances included in this medicinal product;
• age less than 4 years;
• pregnancy and breastfeeding.

Pharmacological group and action

Included in the group of medications that have anti-allergenic effects. Used topically.

The medication has an effect aimed at eliminating allergies, creates conditions for the development of a membrane-stabilizing effect, and blocks the entry of calcium ions into the cell (helps prevent the release of histamine, bradykinin, etc.).

Read the link to learn how to use Flixonase for allergic rhinitis.

This medication is not subject to metabolism. It is completely excreted by the kidneys and intestinal products in its original form. The process lasts approximately 1.5-2 hours.

The drug is a prophylactic and is not addictive.

Instructions for use of Cromohexal eye drops

Before using this product, you should consult a doctor. Cromohexal is intended for instillation into the conjunctival sac. The average dosage of the drug is 1-2 drops in each eye 4 times a day. It is important to take into account that the attending physician may choose other dosages for a particular patient, which depends on the individual characteristics of the patient’s body and the clinical picture.

With significant symptomatic manifestations of allergic reactions, the total dosage of the drug can be increased by 1.5-2 times. The duration of use of these eye drops is determined by the attending physician.

If the need to use Cromohexal in pregnant and lactating women is due to greater benefit than risk, such patients should be especially careful when taking it. It is recommended to undergo additional consultation with an obstetrician-gynecologist.

The use of the drug is completely contraindicated in children under two years of age. For children aged 2 to 4 years, the use of the drug is allowed only under the close supervision of a pediatrician.

How to use Cromohexal nasal spray for children and adults

The only possible method of using the drug is intranasal. The spray is used in 1 dose. This is equivalent to one click. The bottle contains 2.8 mg of active substance.

The therapeutic effect occurs only when the daily dose is reached - 11.2 mg. This amount corresponds to using the spray four times a day. Then the drug realizes its full effect.

The maximum possible daily dose is 16.8 mg. It is not recommended for teenagers. In adults, six doses are taken with great caution. This approach is justified in severe cases of the disease.

Before inserting the spray into the nasal passage for the first time, you need to remove the cap. The next step is three test presses for the correct distribution and dosage of the medicine. The nasal mucosa must be cleaned before spraying. While inhaling, insert a spray nozzle into the nostrils and apply pressure.

After use, wipe the sprayer with a dry cloth and put on the cap. To reuse the spray, the procedure is repeated from the beginning.

The course of treatment is a month. This is enough to achieve stable remission. Then, within 7 days, under the supervision of a doctor, you need to gradually stop using the product. It is possible to use the spray prophylactically before an expected “meeting” with allergens.

Possible adverse reactions and complications

Among the main side effects, there is often a short-term deterioration in visual acuity in the first hours after instilling drops into the eyes. In addition, some patients note an increase in eye irritability, which feels like a foreign object on the surface of the eye. Such manifestations disappear on their own within 10-20 minutes.

In some cases, there is an inflammatory reaction of the meibomian glands located on the eyelids, as well as external inflammation of the cornea.

For more serious adverse reactions, seek qualified medical attention and stop using this drug.

Pharmacological properties of Cromohexal solution for inhalation

Cromohexal solution for inhalation contains sodium cromoglycate. It is classified as an antiallergic drug, but for its effect to develop, it requires long-term and regular use - at least 4 weeks. Cromohexal in patients with bronchial asthma inhibits the reaction of the bronchi to a provoking factor by strengthening the cell membrane of mast cells. As a result, the release of substances that cause inflammation and bronchospasm is slowed down.

After the full course, patients experience attacks less frequently, become less severe, and the need for antiasthmatic drugs (hormones and bronchodilators) decreases. A special feature of the drug is withdrawal syndrome - if you suddenly stop inhalation, an exacerbation of bronchial asthma is possible.

After inhalation through a nebulizer, cromoglycate settles in the trachea and large bronchi, and after 15 minutes the maximum concentration is created in the blood. A small amount is absorbed through the mucous membrane of the digestive system, and the rest is exhaled. The medication is removed from the body after 5 hours.

Special recommendations for the use of the drug

Cromohexal contains a substance such as benzalkonium chloride, which is essentially a preservative. For this reason, you should completely avoid wearing soft contact lenses while using these eye drops. If the patient uses hard lenses, he must remove them before instilling drops and put them on again only 15-20 minutes after using the medicine.

After each use of the drops, the bottle must be tightly closed with the cap included in the kit. To prevent contamination of the medicine with pathogenic microflora, care should be taken to ensure that the spout of the bottle does not come into contact with skin, hair and various household items.

If, after one day from the start of using Cromohexal, there are no visible improvements, irritation occurs, and the symptomatic manifestations of allergies in the eyes do not go away, then you should immediately stop using this drug and seek advice from an ophthalmologist to select a more effective treatment option.

What doctors and patients say

There are a lot of reviews about Cromohexal eye drops from both specialists and ordinary patients.

When spring comes, the flow of patients with complaints of eye inflammation increases many times over. Often, such conditions are of allergic origin due to plant pollen. In such cases, I often prescribe Cromohexal eye allergy drops.

Over the years of my medical practice, I have noted the high effectiveness of this drug with minimal side effects.

Kirilov Anatoly Grigorievich, practicing ophthalmologist

Every fall, I experience a month of terror when my eyes begin to constantly water due to the smoke coming from piles of burning leaves. This acrid smoke causes me to constantly tear up, my eyes burn, and even glasses cannot help. In the premises the situation improves a little, but until a person wearing a strong perfume comes in.

I addressed this problem to the doctor. He advised me Kromohexal. This remedy helped me live a normal life. Now I keep it with me all the time, otherwise you never know what could happen.

Evgeniya, 32 years old

I didn't like this Cromohexal at all. Perhaps this is the individual characteristics of my body, but this drug does not help me at all.

Natalya, 45 years old

Good drops, quickly cope with allergies.

Alexander, 28 years old

Practical experience with the use of Cromohexal eye drops has shown that it should be used with extreme caution in children, as they often experience inappropriate allergic reactions associated with redness of the skin around the eyes and active tearing.

Spray Cromohexal for allergies: features of the drug

Allergies are a very common disease around the world. It manifests itself in different ways. Including a runny nose. Currently, there are a number of drugs on sale for the treatment of allergic rhinitis and hay fever. Among them, not the least important is the nasal allergy spray Cromohexal.

General information about the medicine

The active ingredient in the Cromohexal spray is cromoglycic acid, or more precisely, sodium cromoglycate. Excipients are:

• sodium chloride;
• benzalkonium chloride;
• sodium salt of hydrophosphoric, dihydrophosphoric acid;
• liquid sorbitol (uncrystallized);
• water for injections.

The drug acts on the membranes of basophils and mast cells. They are the ones who produce and produce the main mediator of allergic reactions – histamine.

Cromohexal stabilizes the lipid bilayer of these cells, helping to reduce the severity of the allergic reaction, and also prevents its development when used prophylactically.

Cromohexal nasal spray is a liquid without suspensions. The color may be slightly yellowish, but most often the solution is discolored. Bottle volume – 15 ml.

Cromohexal is not available in tablets. This drug is a local membrane-stabilizing agent that does not have a systemic effect. In addition to the nasal spray, it comes in the form of eye drops and a solution for inhalation.

In some cases, eye drops can be placed in the nose for allergies. But the official instructions do not suggest methods of use other than eye drops. It is better to use other antiallergic nasal drops.

In any case, the possibility of using and method of administration of any drug should be determined by a doctor.

Many patients have a question: is Cromohexal a hormonal drug or not? The answer to this is: not hormonal. Which is also an advantage of this medicine.

The point of action of the drug is the membrane cell. More precisely, its calcium channels. These are membrane microstructures that are involved in the transport of calcium ions.

With allergies, the flow of these cations into the cell increases, and the potential difference changes.

As a result, mast cell microgranules containing biologically active compounds approach the membrane and are released into the intercellular space. These include:

• bradykinin;
• leukotrienes;
• histamine.

Other compounds in the composition of degranulating microsomes have been described, but the above are the cause of the development of allergy symptoms: runny nose, lacrimation, laryngeal edema, and decreased blood pressure.

Sodium cromoglycate blocks the entry of calcium ions into the cell, thereby exerting a membrane-stabilizing effect. Basophil retains its integrity, allergy mediators enter the bloodstream in minimal quantities.

Cromohexal is used intranasally, that is, it is instilled into the nasal passages. Sodium cromoglycate enters the bloodstream in small quantities - only 7% of the total volume. The agent binds to protein transporter molecules.

There is no predominant method of elimination - cromoglycic acid is excreted in equal quantities through the urinary and digestive systems. About 1/100 of the drug is swallowed. This amount transits through the gastrointestinal tract. The half-life is 90 minutes.

Indications and contraindications for use

Cromohexal nasal spray is approved for use for the following diseases:

In the photo you can see the manifestations of allergies that are treated with Cromohexal in various forms.

Rashes due to hay fever Lachydery Rhinitis Redness of the eyes due to hay fever

The effect of the drug on the fetus and young children is not reliably known. Therefore, the official instructions for use of Cromohexal exclude its use in the following cases:

• for the treatment of children under 5 years of age when using a spray and 2 years of age when using a solution and drops (that is, the Cromohexal spray form is not suitable for a child aged 3 years);
• pregnancy;
• lactation.
• a history of an allergic reaction or pathological sensitivity to the components of the drug, previously identified.

If there are side effects or undesirable effects, it is better to immediately consult a doctor to decide on the advisability of further use of the medication for medicinal purposes.

The only possible method of using the drug is intranasal. The spray is used in 1 dose. This is equivalent to one click. The bottle contains 2.8 mg of active substance.

The therapeutic effect occurs only when the daily dose is reached - 11.2 mg. This amount corresponds to using the spray four times a day. Then the drug realizes its full effect.

The maximum possible daily dose is 16.8 mg. It is not recommended for teenagers. In adults, six doses are taken with great caution. This approach is justified in severe cases of the disease.

Before inserting the spray into the nasal passage for the first time, you need to remove the cap. The next step is three test presses for the correct distribution and dosage of the medicine. The nasal mucosa must be cleaned before spraying. While inhaling, insert a spray nozzle into the nostrils and apply pressure.

After use, wipe the sprayer with a dry cloth and put on the cap. To reuse the spray, the procedure is repeated from the beginning.

The course of treatment is a month. This is enough to achieve stable remission. Then, within 7 days, under the supervision of a doctor, you need to gradually stop using the product. It is possible to use the spray prophylactically before an expected “meeting” with allergens.

Possible side effects and overdose

Despite the fact that Cromohexal is used as part of the treatment of allergies, it is also possible for allergic reactions to occur, the symptoms of which manifest themselves as follows:

• rash on the skin in the nose, face;
• difficulty swallowing, sensation of a foreign body in the mouth;
• shortness of breath of an inspiratory nature;
• swelling of the eyelids, nose, lips;
• rash elements like urticaria;
• itching

No less rare are manifestations of damage to the respiratory system. They are more concerned with the irritating effect of the drug:

• burning in the nasal mucosa, nasopharynx;
• sneezing;
• cough without phlegm;
• congestion or rhinorrhea;
• irritation of the nasal membrane.

Among other possible side effects, disturbances in taste and smell may occur. These symptoms may be temporary, but it is best to tell your doctor right away.

An overdose of Cromohexal may cause a burning sensation in the nose. Another option for the manifestation of excess drug in the body is the appearance of blood from the nasal passages. At present, overdose with this drug has not been thoroughly studied.

special instructions

It is known that Cromohexal enhances the effect of other antiallergic drugs. This is especially clearly seen when the spray is co-administered with antihistamines from different generations. This manifests itself in the fact that the effectiveness of both medications increases.

The official instructions for the use of the antiallergic drug Cromohexal do not contain information about whether it can be combined with the use of alcohol. Doctors insist that it is better not to drink drinks while being treated with this drug, despite the local effect of the drug. This is due to the fact that alcoholic drinks reduce the effectiveness of other antiallergy medications.

If the functions of the kidneys and liver are impaired, the use of the spray should be treated with caution. But these diseases are not a contraindication to the prescription.

Most doctors from among allergists, otorhinolaryngologists, and therapists are happy to prescribe a spray with cromoglycate. Cromohexal is successful in the treatment of rhinitis with a clear allergic component. This is evidenced by reviews of Cromohexal nasal spray.

Among the disadvantages that patients talk about is the rapid consumption of the product. And this despite the quite affordable cost of the drug. The price of Kromohexal nasal spray is approximately 150-170 rubles per bottle.

Often, long-term and successful use of anti-allergy medications is hampered by a burning sensation in the nose and the appearance of other undesirable phenomena. Some patients use Cromohexal for bacterial or viral rhinitis. No effect should be expected in these situations.

A clear advantage, according to patient reviews, is the convenience of spraying the spray and dosing it. Many note the onset of the effect almost from the first injections.

On the advice of a pharmacist, I purchased Cromohexal at the pharmacy. I was worried about nasal congestion and paroxysmal sneezing. The price turned out to be quite affordable - 180 rubles per bottle. The convenient sprayer and dispenser immediately caught my attention.

According to the instructions, I used the drug for about 3 weeks. I cannot say that the drug eliminated all manifestations of the disease. But the symptoms improved significantly. The doctor advises extending the treatment period.

I think we should expect a greater effect, because the allergist has increased the frequency of administration.

Valeria, 45 years old

A spray with cromoglycate was recommended by a pediatric allergist. My daughter has had seasonal hay fever since she was 3 years old. Compared to other drugs, the effect was weak. During use, symptoms decreased. 3 days after discontinuation, all manifestations resumed. During treatment, I was constantly bothered by a burning sensation in my nose.

Natalya, 32 years old

How to store the drug

Once the integrity of the bottle is compromised, the product can only be used for 6 weeks. After this period, it is not recommended to be treated with Cromohexal.

The official shelf life is 3 years. The drug should be stored in a dry place, out of reach of children. Temperature is normal: no more than 25 degrees.

The drug can be freely purchased at the pharmacy without presenting a prescription.

What can be replaced

Vividrin Intal Cromoglin Kromofarm

Other products containing cromoglycic acid are also used in the treatment of allergic rhinitis. Among them, the following analogues of Cromohexal are popular:

1. Intal.
2. Cromoghlin.
3. Vividrin.
4. Kromofarm.

The drugs are interchangeable, since the active substance is the same. The differences lie in price, ease of spraying, and dosing.

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Source: https://allergia.life/lekarstva/ot-allergii/sprej-kromogeksal.html

Advantages and disadvantages

The main advantage of Cromohexal, in addition to its effectiveness, is its low cost, especially in comparison with similar drugs from reputable pharmaceutical companies. It should also be noted that there are no doses at which an overdose of the drug occurs. In addition, Cromohexal is characterized by rare cases of side effects and allergic reactions.

As for the disadvantages of this medicine, they include the fact that the drug cannot be called very affordable, since it cannot be found in all pharmacies.

Side effects

When using Cromohexal nasal spray, mild irritation in the nose may occur. Extremely rarely, headache, swelling of the tongue, and irritation of the nasal mucosa may occur.

After inhalation of Cromohexal solution, a slight cough and mild irritation of the pharynx and trachea may occur.

When using Cromohexal drops, there may be a feeling of heat in the eyes, a sensation of a foreign body, swelling of the conjunctiva (chemosis), short-term blurred vision, increased blood supply to the conjunctiva (conjunctival hyperemia).

All side effects when using the drug are usually short-term, easily tolerated and disappear after discontinuation of the drug.

Data on an overdose of Cromohexal in any dosage form have not been described.

According to the instructions, Cromohexal should not be combined with the simultaneous use of bromhexine and ambroxol.

Cromohexal should be used with caution during pregnancy, especially in the first trimester, as well as during lactation.

What can be replaced

Allergokrom Lekrolin Cromohexal Emadin
Cromohexal eye drops have many analogues, including domestic ones. All of them differ not only in the form of release, but also in cost. Among the many analogues of the drug, the following drugs can be distinguished:

1. Allergokrom . This is an actual complete analogue of Cromohexal, which has all the same indications for use. The average cost in pharmacies is 250 rubles.
2. Emadin. This drug is used as a highly effective remedy to combat seasonal allergic manifestations. Its average cost is 850-900 rubles.
3. Lecrolin. These are eye drops that help effectively fight allergic inflammation of the eyes. The cost in pharmacies is 65 rubles.