A skin allergy is an increased reaction of the immune system due to contact with a substance - an allergen. Its manifestations are unpleasant and painful. To eliminate symptoms, there are special ointments against skin allergies.
A visual representation of the process of allergic reactions
Review
All ointments for allergies in adults can be divided into 2 groups - non-hormonal and hormonal. Each type has its own pros and cons that should be taken into account during therapy.
Anti-allergy ointment should be selected individually, depending on the severity of allergic manifestations and the characteristics of the skin.
Hormonal
Hormonal ointment contains corticosteroids. It has a complex effect: it stops the production of histamine, removes itching and inflammation, and relieves external signs. Hormonal ointments should not be used for a long period of time. They are most effective for severe forms of allergies, such as dermatitis or eczema.
Due to the hormone content, this type of cream should not be used in children.
Hormonal drugs:
- Hydrocortisone.
- Afloderm.
- Lorinden.
- Lokoid Lipocrem.
- Elokom.
- Elidel.
- Gistan N.
- Akriderm.
- Beloderm.
- Sinaflan.
- Flucinar.
- Dermovate.
- Triderm.
In case of extensive damage, these anti-allergenic agents are not used on the face.
Non-hormonal
Non-hormonal ointments for allergies are effective if the symptoms are mild and the disease is mild. They cope well with allergic manifestations, but the effect is noticeable 3-4 days after the start of use. The advantage of non-hormonal drugs is their safety and the absence of severe side effects. They do not affect the functioning of internal organs.
Most non-hormonal drugs are suitable for treating allergies in pregnant, lactating women and newborns.
All drugs in this group can be divided into 3 subgroups: antihistamines, anti-inflammatory, moisturizing and skin-softening ointments.
Antihistamines for facial skin allergies are one of the best non-hormonal drugs. They effectively cope with itching and redness, since they suppress the production of histamine, which provokes an allergic reaction. Good antihistamine ointments:
- Fenistil. Helps get rid of the symptoms of allergic dermatitis.
- Psilo-Balm. It is an effective remedy for swelling on the face.
Moisturizing and healing ointments do not directly affect the cause of the allergic reaction, but fight the symptoms. They are suitable for mild facial allergies. For severe allergic reactions, they are best used in combination with hormonal agents.
Effective drugs:
- Bepanten. Accelerates skin healing, suitable for pregnant women and newborns.
- D-Panthenol. Soothes and heals the skin, suitable for any type of facial allergy.
- La Cree. Heals damage and relieves irritation. Effective for atopic dermatitis.
- Nezulin. Cream-gel eliminates irritation, redness and itching. It is a natural remedy and therefore has no side effects.
- We see. Restores damaged skin.
- Radevit Active. Increases the regenerative function of the epidermis.
In case of severe redness and swelling, anti-inflammatory drugs should be used. Ointment for allergies on the face, which has an anti-inflammatory effect:
- Gel Nise. Soothes, relieves itching and pain.
- Salicylic ointment. Effective for allergic rashes that are accompanied by inflammation of the skin. The course of treatment is no more than 21 days.
- Skin Cap. This is an expensive but effective remedy that does not cause side effects. The course of treatment is 1 month. Before applying the product, you need to treat the skin with an antiseptic.
- Indovazin gel. It has a pronounced analgesic effect, eliminates redness and swelling. Can be used for no more than 10 days.
- Radevit. Relieves inflammation, eliminates itching, increases the protective function of the skin.
- Zinc ointment. Particularly effective for weeping wounds. Has a drying effect.
One of the best remedies is Skin-Cap. It is effective for seborrheic and atopic dermatitis, eczema and psoriasis.
Ointment during pregnancy
While carrying a baby, a woman's body undergoes many changes. First of all, this affects the woman’s immune system, which becomes depressed during pregnancy. At the same time, the severity of clinical manifestations of allergies is somewhat reduced, since the immune system can no longer give a violent response to contact with potential irritants.
For example, if just recently the bite of a certain insect caused a reaction on the skin in the form of significant swelling, itching and redness, while the baby is pregnant the intensity of allergic manifestations will decrease somewhat, but the disease cannot go away. That is, during pregnancy, a woman’s allergy course will be somewhat alleviated. Despite this, the list of antihistamines that are approved for use by expectant mothers is noticeably narrowing from the first weeks of gestation right up to childbirth, as well as the period of breastfeeding. So how can an expectant mother treat allergies?
Allergy ointment during pregnancy reliably eliminates not only the symptoms of the pathology, but also qualitatively improves the woman’s well-being. As before pregnancy, skin allergies in the expectant mother have exactly the same clinical manifestations - itching, swelling, rashes, hyperemia, peeling, and the likelihood of a secondary infection. Local treatment of allergies in the expectant mother must be carried out.
Hormonal agents. Hormonal cream containing glucocorticosteroids can be used to treat allergies in pregnant women after medical consultation. It is extremely undesirable to resort to these drugs in the first 12 weeks of pregnancy, when the fetal organs are actively forming and the placenta is developing.
Prohibited drugs in the first trimester are Hydrocortisone ointment and Flucinar. Both of these drugs are prohibited not only at the beginning of pregnancy, but it is also advisable to avoid their use in the future, since it has been proven that both of these drugs have a teratogenic effect on the developing fetus (the study was carried out on animals).
You can use Advantan and Elokom, but according to the principle - the smaller the amount of product used, the better. This is due to the fact that there is no complete evidence base demonstrating the safety of these products for a pregnant woman and her child. The drugs can be used as prescribed by a doctor, in minimal quantities (as far as possible) and for a period of no more than two weeks.
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Non-hormonal agents. Elidel cream is a local remedy with an anti-inflammatory and antiallergic effect that successfully blocks allergy mediators. Approved during pregnancy and breastfeeding, as special studies have been conducted confirming the safety of this drug.
Fenistil and Psilo-balm can be used during pregnancy, provided that the expected benefit to the expectant mother outweighs the possible risk to the developing fetus.
You can also use Drapolene, Bepanten, Lanolin, but you need to take into account that they will not be able to have the desired effect on the allergic reaction itself. These drugs work locally, without penetrating into the general bloodstream and without posing any threat to the unborn child. Their main task is to normalize the condition of the skin, reduce discomfort associated with excessive dryness and peeling of surfaces damaged by inflammation.
Unfortunately, local anti-inflammatory and antiseptic agents are contraindicated for expectant mothers. That is, there are too few options for allergy ointments that are allowed for pregnant women, but despite this, they are still available. Their use requires consultation with a doctor.
Ointments by type of allergy
Antiallergic ointment should be selected not only based on the severity of allergic manifestations, but also depending on the type of allergy.
List of effective remedies:
- allergy to the sun - Solcoseryl, Videstim, Radevit and Actovegin;
- allergic reaction on the face to cold - Elokom, Levomekol, Levosin;
- food allergies – Advantan, Lorindens S, Diaderm, Dermovate, Zinc ointment, Sinaflan;
- allergic reaction to cosmetics - Kremgen, Elidel, Advantan;
- atopic dermatitis – Dermovate, Skin-Cap, Celestoderm B;
- eczema – Advantan, Hydrocortisone ointment, Skin-Cap.
For pregnant women, nursing mothers and children, it is worth choosing the safest products. These are Fenistil, Psilo-Balm, Zinc ointment. Hormonal drugs are prohibited.
If the allergy is accompanied by severe inflammation, suppuration and crusting, antibacterial agents should be used, for example:
- Levomekol.
- Erythromycin ointment.
- Fucidin.
Drugs in this group are used only as part of complex therapy.
In case of a fungal infection, you cannot do without Miconazole, Clotrimazole, Lamisil.
Allergies in pregnant women and newborns - treatment features
Pregnancy is a period when taking medications is generally limited.
But if a woman has an allergy while carrying a child, then it is most advisable to take ointments.
They have only a local effect and are therefore unlikely to have a negative effect on the intrauterine development of the fetus.
But you should remember that you need to consult the following doctors:
- gynecologist - he knows all the characteristics of a pregnant woman’s body and can give recommendations on the advisability of using a specific ointment;
- an allergist will identify the irritant;
- immunologist - examines the pregnant woman’s immune system and prescribes vitamin complexes.
Most often, anti-allergy ointments with vitamins are prescribed to pregnant women - for example, Radevit.
Actovegin is considered quite safe, but provided there is no allergic reaction to the calf blood extract (detected by individual tests).
What is better - cream or ointment?
To treat allergic rashes on the face, you can use ointments, creams and gels. But which release form is better? To understand, you should know the advantages and disadvantages of each.
All forms of release relieve allergy symptoms on the skin of the face - redness, rash, itching and dryness. The ointment has a heavier fatty structure, but it has a rich biologically active composition, and accordingly, it has a powerful effect. Thanks to its oily consistency, it penetrates into the deep layers of the epidermis. A significant disadvantage is slow absorption.
Skin allergy cream has a faster effect. Thanks to its light texture, it is absorbed into the skin immediately after application. The allergy cream on the face penetrates into hard-to-reach places, leaves no trace, and can be used on large affected areas. Most effective for dry skin.
The gel does not clog pores, unlike ointment. It is quickly absorbed into the skin, acts instantly and leaves no trace. Anti-allergenic cosmetics in gel form should be used for atopic dermatitis, allergies to insect bites, sun or cold.
Skin allergy symptoms
The main signs of allergic urticaria are redness and itchy patches, often itching in the nose or throat. The symptoms of pseudoallergy and acute immune response are similar, so a visit to an allergist is a mandatory step on the path to recovery. The skin not only becomes red and itchy, but also flakes off. You can notice both a pinpoint lesion of the dermis (for example, only the cheeks, face or hands), and rashes throughout the body. Itching of the skin of the body, as a rule, does not go away on its own and intensifies at night. The spots may give way to blisters or become covered with small blisters that burst and turn into sores. A person is also often bothered by hyperemia or inflammation of the skin in the folds. It is recommended that you learn what skin allergies look like in order to notice them in time.
Manifestation of skin allergies
Food allergies include a rash all over the body, nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea. All symptoms may include lacrimation and swelling of the eyelids, an allergic cough, a severe runny nose without color, and a headache. It is necessary to urgently seek help if there is allergic swelling of the palate, tongue, larynx, difficulty breathing, or convulsions. These signs signal the development of angioedema, which can be fatal.
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Contraindications
Allergy treatment should be supervised by a dermatologist or allergist. You should not self-medicate, especially with hormonal ointments.
Contraindications to the use of antiallergic topical agents are:
- fungal, bacterial or viral damage to the skin;
- acne (acne);
- scabies;
- chicken pox;
- individual intolerance to the components in the composition.
Each product also has age restrictions. When using in children, you should read the instructions.
In case of parasites, viruses or fungi, ointments contribute to the spread of pathogenic microflora over large areas.
Hormonal creams are also not used during pregnancy and lactation.
Allergy ointment is an effective form of release. But even the most powerful antiallergic local remedy will not relieve allergic manifestations unless the effect of the allergen is stopped.
Author: Oksana Belokur, doctor, especially for Dermatologiya.pro
Rules for using ointment for skin allergies
We will tell you below how to get rid of allergies. First, let's look at the rules that must be followed strictly.
1. Non-hormonal drugs will not give results in severe forms of the disease. In turn, hormonal drugs cannot be used for a long time without consulting a doctor.
2. Observe the frequency of use. Do not mistakenly believe that frequent application will lead you to positive dynamics. On the contrary, abuse of the drug provokes swelling and other problems.
3. During treatment, try not to touch healthy areas of the skin. Apply the ointment locally by gently tapping or rubbing. Otherwise, the skin that is not affected by allergies will become red and swollen.
4. Hormonal ointment is used for severe allergies. If skin rashes in adults are minor, then it is better to give preference to non-hormonal formulations.
5. External medications cannot be considered harmless; study the package insert and follow the instructions. Pay special attention to the section with contraindications.
6. Hormonal drugs are used for a certain course, no longer. The active substances of such drugs penetrate the bloodstream, negatively affecting the endocrine system.
7. A severe form of the reaction is treated comprehensively; it is unlikely that positive dynamics will be achieved with ointments alone. It is necessary to take medications to suppress the root cause from the inside.
Prevention
By following certain tips, you can avoid the development of your disease and the occurrence of new allergic attacks:
- Of course, first of all, you will need to avoid contact with the allergen in every possible way: do not eat prohibited foods, select appropriate medications, wear a gauze bandage when pollen from flowering plants flies through the streets.
- In cases where your allergy is triggered by pollen, household dust or animal hair, it is necessary to regularly carry out wet cleaning of the premises. You will also have to get rid of wool blankets, long-pile carpets, house plants and soft toys. Bedding, clothing and textiles should be made from natural fabrics; synthetics often cause an allergic reaction even in healthy people.
- Spend time in the fresh air more often (if your illness is not related to the body’s reaction to pollen, otherwise try not to leave the house during the flowering period).
- Watch your diet, eat less flour, sweet, spicy and salty foods.
- Test all new cosmetics before using them.
Non-hormonal ointments for skin allergies
Treatment of allergies with drugs without hormone-like substances can quickly eliminate hives on the skin. Treat affected areas by gently rubbing. Soon the allergic process will begin to subside.
No. 1. Bepanten
Price – from 500 rubles. The active ingredient is dexpanthenol, which has regenerating and soothing properties. The ointment is used for skin allergies not only in adults, but also in the younger generation. The product penetrates into the lower layers of the dermis, eliminating redness. As an alternative, it makes sense to take a closer look at analogues: “Dexpanthenol”, “Panthenol”, “D-Panthenol”.
No. 2. Fenistil
Price – 450 rubles. "Fenistil" is a gel with antihistamine activity, which is why it is so effective in relieving allergies. The drug concentrates dimethindene maleate, which is aimed at suppressing itching, redness, severe swelling, and pain. After treating the affected areas, the result appears after half an hour.
No. 3. Solcoseryl
Price – 500 rubles. Available in various forms, including ointment and gel. The basis is a concentrate obtained by special processing of calf blood. The product has a powerful wound-healing effect, so it is used for burns with boiling water. However, the ointment can also be used for skin allergies in adults. The negative reaction disappears 40 minutes after treatment.
No. 4. La Cree
Price – 280 rubles. The cream has a gentle effect on the skin, relieving severe irritation, itching, and redness. The drug restores tissue integrity at the cellular level and concentrates panthenol as an active substance. Suitable for persons with overly sensitive skin.
No. 5. Protopik
Price – 650 rubles. Anti-inflammatory ointment, an antidepressant for allergies, is often used to treat the skin on the face. Experts also prescribe it for atopic dermatitis in adults. The antihistamine drug concentrates tacrolimus. The main compound softens and regenerates the skin, eliminates unbearable itching.
No. 6. Methyluracil
Price – 80 rubles. A cheap product designed to accelerate tissue restoration at the cellular level. In addition to its main purpose, the ointment relieves allergies, relieves itching on the skin in adults, and increases the skin's resistance to allergens by strengthening local immunity.
No. 7. Gistan
Price – 200 rubles. Non-hormonal cream includes herbal substances with antihistamine properties. Among analogues, the cosmetic product is considered the safest. Thanks to oils, butelin, dimethicone, and other natural extracts, the skin quickly calms and restores. The product is developed not only for allergies, but also for other skin rashes.
No. 8. Skin Cap
Price – from 900 rubles. Cream for external use, including zinc pyrithione as a base. It is used for severe allergic reactions that are accompanied by blisters, itching, redness and pain. The medicine has antiseptic and wound-healing activity, so it is worth keeping it in your medicine cabinet.
Hormonal ointments for skin allergies
Any ointment containing hormones will help get rid of severe allergies, which are accompanied by severe swelling, itching, and redness. To eliminate unpleasant symptoms on the skin in adults, you need to use a potent remedy.
No. 1. Advantan
Price – 650 rubles. The ointment, thick in consistency, contains the active ingredient in the form of methylprednisolone aceponate. After application, the composition almost immediately eliminates all allergy symptoms. Itching, swelling, and inflammation go away. The product is completely safe and has no side effects.
No. 2. Gistan N
Price – 170 rubles. Allergy cream is developed on the basis of mometasone. It eliminates various types of dermatoses on the skin of adults. To relieve the symptoms of an allergic reaction, the drug should be applied in a thin layer. One distribution per day is enough. The composition is recommended to be used for a course of 1 to 4 weeks.
No. 3. Elokom
Price – 80 rubles. The base contains the active ingredient in the form of mometasone fuorate. After use, the drug instantly eliminates swelling, itching, and redness. The product is effective for all types of dermatoses. The ointment is also used to treat psoriasis, eczema, and dermatitis.
No. 4. Lokoid
Price – 290 rubles. The active component is hydrocortisone 17-butyrate. The cream is highly effective for neurodermatitis, dermatitis, and eczema. To cope with an allergic reaction, the drug must be applied to problem areas. The advantage of the product is that it is quickly absorbed.
No. 5. Hydrocortisone ointment
Price – 40 rubles. The ointment relieves allergies of any nature that have formed on the skin of adults. It is very cheap and quickly eliminates redness, itching, and irritation. The product is safe and is used in ophthalmology. The drug has a powerful anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory effect.
No. 6. Sinaflan
Price – 60 rubles. The product for external use is based on fluocinolone acetonyl. The drug is famous for its pronounced antipruritic, antihistamine and anti-inflammatory properties. The ointment is prescribed for allergic diseases. The composition also helps cope with sunburn and insect bites.
No. 7. Flucinar
Price – 130 rubles. The combined ointment has a strong anti-inflammatory effect. The active substances are neomycin and fluocinolone. After applying the product, all symptoms will disappear. It is recommended to use the drug as needed.
Before treating an allergy that has occurred on the skin of an adult, try to find out the cause of its manifestation. Use all products according to instructions. If you are unsure which medication is needed, consult a dermatologist.
Drug treatment
Whatever the allergy, it must be treated with medication on the advice of a doctor, because only he knows how to treat allergies on the face. Depending on the allergen that has entered the body, oral medications will be prescribed, and at the same time external agents will be used.
Oral medications
The simplest allergy medications today are considered to be fenistil, suprastin, tavegil, diazolin, and diphenhydramine. It is worth noting that they are very effective, although they are inexpensive. Their only drawback is drowsiness after use. Allergists are now increasingly prescribing anti-allergy drugs of the so-called new generation - Claritin, Erius, Hismanal, Zyrtec. Only one tablet is used per day, and their advantage is that they do not cause drowsiness.
Ointments
Not many people know what to apply to their face if they have allergies, so you should consult a doctor who will prescribe a topical product that is usually used twice a day. There are antibacterial agents: levomikol, levosin. Some doctors prescribe hormonal ointments: Elcom or Advantan. There are also non-hormonal drugs on sale that should be preferred: solcoseryl, videstim.
Pros and cons of non-hormonal ointments
The choice of a specific drug is based on the severity of the condition, the severity of the symptoms, their number and the stage of the allergy. Non-hormonal drugs in the form of ointments are prescribed for mild symptoms. Compared to hormonal drugs (corticosteroids), they have a milder effect, and the likelihood of possible side effects is minimized.
Advantages:
- the effect on the damaged area of the body begins immediately after application;
- promote healing and regeneration;
- can be used for a long time;
- fairly harmless;
- in consultation with a doctor, some of them can be used by children and pregnant women;
- have antipruritic effects;
- most drugs are harmless;
- relapse prevention;
- some agents additionally have an antibacterial effect;
- relieve symptoms of mild forms of the disease.
Flaws:
- the effect of exposure begins to appear only an hour or two after application;
- in rare cases there may be individual intolerance;
- are not effective in late and middle stages of the disease and in severe forms.
The means used depending on the location
Various products are used to treat allergies in different areas of the skin. Some of them can even be used on particularly sensitive areas, such as near the eyes.
On the face
Sensitive and fairly thin facial skin requires a careful approach to treatment. Mostly non-hormonal agents are indicated for therapy:
- Fenistil (can be prescribed to children from the age of two);
- Psilo-balm.
For centuries
For use near the eyes (on the skin of the eyelids), products are indicated that help relieve redness and do not leave a greasy film:
Such preparations are used in a thin layer once a day on the surface of the lower and upper eyelids. Application is carried out with light movements without intense rubbing.
On the legs and arms
For these areas of the body the following are often prescribed:
These drugs are well distributed, quickly absorbed and quite effective.
Chamomile cream
If the skin is highly sensitive, then natural chamomile cream, which contains highly effective natural azulene extract, shows good results. Azulene has anti-inflammatory and disinfectant properties. This cream can reduce skin inflammation, even in the case of sunburn and other minor burns.
At the first opportunity, you should contact a dermatologist and allergist, who will prescribe more detailed treatment. At the first stage of the onset of allergies, it is important not to aggravate the situation and properly treat the affected area of the skin.
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Ointments for skin allergies
There are cases when an allergic reaction on the skin develops quickly. This can happen as a result of an insect bite or contact with a plant. In such a situation, quick response means are used, for example, Fenistil or Psilo-balm.
Psilo-balm
This product is intended for local use for the following indications:
- burning and hyperemia after insect bites;
- chicken pox;
- cholestasis;
- itchy eczema;
- contact dermatitis;
- sun and other burns.
Apply a thin layer of gel to the skin up to four times a day and rub in lightly. It has a slight cooling and anesthetic effect. You should avoid getting the medicine on the surface of the mucous membranes, and wash your hands thoroughly after use. The duration of use is determined individually.
Price: about 250 rubles.
Soventol
The drug is packaged in tubes that can be stored at room temperature. The softening and regenerating effect allows it to be used not only for allergic reactions, but also for:
- minor thermal burns;
- sunburn;
- frostbite;
- hives;
- dermatoses;
- hay fever;
- jellyfish burns, etc.
Apply Soventol externally in a thin layer. The drug is well absorbed; if necessary, application can be repeated after half an hour. Has the property of eliminating puffiness.
Price of the drug: from 2,300 rubles.
Fenistil
This is an effective remedy for external use, which has the following indications:
- insect bites;
- hives;
- eczema;
- dermatoses accompanied by itching, etc.
To achieve a therapeutic effect, it is enough to apply the gel 2 to 4 times a day to the affected areas. In extremely rare cases, a burning sensation, itching or rash may be felt.
Price for the drug: about 400 rubles.
Salicylic ointment
This remedy can be used as a primary treatment for the following conditions:
- eczema;
- psoriasis;
- burns;
- infectious and inflammatory lesions of the skin;
- acne;
- pityriasis versicolor;
- corns and calluses;
- warts, etc.
The ointment is applied externally and has an antiseptic and anti-inflammatory effect. The drug is available in various dosages, the percentage of the active substance can range from 1 to 5. When prescribing, they are guided by the principle: a larger percentage of the active substance is taken when the symptoms of the disease are the weakest, and a smaller percentage when they are significant.
The ointment is applied 1-2 times a day in an even layer. The duration of treatment is determined by the patient’s condition and can reach 4 weeks if necessary.
Price of the drug: from 25 rubles.
Zinc ointment
This remedy is affordable and popular, as it has a low price and is practically free of side effects. Indications include:
- diaper rash;
- haemorrhoids;
- dermatitis;
- lichen;
- chicken pox;
- eczema, etc.
Apply the ointment to damaged areas of the skin until recovery 2 or 3 times a day. The safety of the composition allows the ointment to be used even in newborns. Has a drying and adsorbing effect.
Price: from 29 rubles.
Levomekol
This ointment has a combined composition that allows it to effectively act in the following conditions:
- burns (up to 3rd degree);
- boils;
- trophic ulcers;
- eczema;
- calluses;
- allergic reactions
The drug has a pronounced anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effect. Can be used in the form of applications using gauze napkins. Application: Apply a thin layer to the surface of the skin. Use according to indications.
Price: from 108 rubles.
Protopik
The product is used externally for dermatitis and vitiligo and has an anti-inflammatory effect. The usual dosage is 1 or 2 times a day. The ointment is available in children's dosage - with a content of 0.03% and for adults - 0.1%.
Price – from 600 rubles.
Elidel
This remedy is indicated for the following diseases:
It is recommended to start using Elidel from the first symptoms 2 times a day. Can be used on the face and genital area as an independent treatment. Has anti-inflammatory effect.
Price – from 900 rubles.
Remedies and methods to combat itchy skin
Itching and discomfort on the skin can occur for various reasons. They may be allergic diseases, hormonal imbalances and other factors, which can be determined by a doctor during an examination based on test results. In addition, itching can be a consequence of an illness that requires immediate consultation with a specialist.
Causes of itching
Itching is accompanied by burning, irritation and tingling. When body cells interact with an irritant, a sharp increase in histamine, a neurotransmitter of allergic reactions, occurs. This stimulates the nerve endings in the skin, which causes itching.
Important! Each person has their own level of sensitivity. The higher the susceptibility to allergens, the stronger the reaction, and vice versa.
Skin irritation can be due to a number of reasons:
- genetic predisposition;
- dehydration (dehydration) of tissues and organs, accompanied by metabolic disorders;
- lack of sufficient fluid in the diet;
- reaction to chemicals and medications;
- skin diseases, allergies;
- pathogens and parasites (lice, worms);
- reaction to insect bites;
- mental stress and emotional fatigue.
It must be remembered that according to the location of foci of inflammation on the body, there are 2 types of itching: localized (local) and generalized (general). The first form most often occurs in the anogenital area (the area where the genital organs and anus are located), as well as on the scalp.
Itching is characterized by seasonal exacerbation and intensification of symptoms.
All causes are of the localized type, but it can also be triggered by helminthiasis, disorders of the nervous and neuroendocrine regulation of the functions of the sebaceous glands of the skin, fungal infections, inflammatory processes and other local changes.
The causes of the generalized type may be:
- intolerance to certain foods (spicy foods, mushrooms);
- changes in weather and temperature;
- decreased function of the sebaceous glands;
- pathologies of the nervous system;
- dry skin (senile itching).
A great danger is posed by scratches, which are caused by disturbances in the functioning of internal organs and systems. For example, diabetes mellitus, inflammatory liver diseases, leukemia, Hodgkin's lymphoma and others. With such pathologies, itching is just a side effect or the first symptom signaling serious problems.
Diseases that occur with symptoms of itching
Often, tingling in the skin area is an accompanying symptom of many diseases, so diagnosis can be difficult. All this leads to insomnia and psycho-emotional discomfort of a person. The intensity of sensations and the severity of skin manifestations help to assess the severity of the disease and determine the most effective treatment methods.
Allergic eczema
Diseases that cause itching
- Allergic eczema. The disease is inflammatory in nature and neuro-allergic in origin. Characteristic are small bubbles with translucent liquid, often grouped. After opening the capsules, the serous contents flow out and the affected area begins to itch. The main thing is not to touch or scratch the skin, because this can lead to complications. If inflamed areas are damaged, secondary infection may occur in the form of microbial eczema, which significantly reduces the barrier function of the skin.
- Allergic dermatosis, or neurodermatitis. The leading symptom of the disease is intense and painful itching, which appears against the background of neuroses and other disorders. Emotional instability and constant skin irritation are stress factors for the body. Neurodermatitis often bothers children in the first year of life due to digestive disorders. With age, the child’s body strengthens, and the symptoms become less noticeable.
- Contact dermatitis. Represents a reaction to an irritant: a chemical or allergenic substance. Another cause of dermatitis can be ultraviolet radiation. The disease causes redness and itchy blisters.
- Hives. This is a skin disease that is characterized by the rapid appearance of itching and blisters, similar to nettle sting.
Hives
There is also a high likelihood of itching with systemic diseases such as:
- renal failure, fatty liver, pathologies of the thyroid and parathyroid glands, endocrine system disorders;
- depression, manic-depressive psychosis, psychiatric disorders;
- eating too much or not enough;
- infectious diseases: HIV, malaria, smallpox, measles, influenza;
- helminthiasis and infection with parasitic worms;
- blood diseases;
- autoimmune disorders (multiple sclerosis).
How to deal with itching at home
You can treat itching at home in several ways: using medications or traditional medicine recipes. Most herbal tinctures and decoctions are popular in the modern world.
However, when the first symptoms appear, you should consult a doctor and not limit yourself only to traditional medicine methods. In the case of a serious illness, such therapy will not only not relieve the symptoms, but will also worsen the general state of health.
It is important that any medicine does not need to be taken if you are individually intolerant to its components.
Pharmacy remedies for itching
Various medications offered by many pharmaceutical companies can relieve allergic reactions and solve the problem of itchy skin. All of them are designed to reduce the symptoms of itching. The main thing in treatment is to follow an integrated approach: correctly combine both internal and external means.
Hormonal ointments
Such products improve the patient’s condition, soften the outer layer of the skin, promote the healing of microcracks and scratches, prevent infectious agents from entering wounds, and relieve inflammation.
Some of the ointments act as antifungal drugs. They are used only if there is no effect from taking non-hormonal drugs.
If the recommended course (2 weeks) is exceeded, there may be negative consequences: necrosis of the treated tissues. These ointments include:
- "Advantan";
- "Lokoid";
- "Flucourt";
- Hydrocortisone ointment;
- "Diprospan".
Non-hormonal ointments
Ointments that do not contain steroid hormones moisturize and soften itchy skin, relieve redness and irritation, reduce the volume of rashes and suppress the spread of skin rashes. These drugs are mild and have no side effects. The main advantage of non-hormonal ointments is the possibility of their use for the treatment of childhood allergies from the first days of life.
These include the following drugs:
- "Gistan";
- "Solcoseryl";
- "Skin-Cap";
- Methyluracil ointment;
- Fenistil-gel.
Pills
The most common way to combat itching is with pills. The drugs are divided into several types of areas:
- antipruritic;
- antihistamines, which suppress the action of free histamine;
- anti-inflammatory;
- enterosorbents (remove toxic substances from the body and perform a detoxification function).
The effectiveness of tablets against itchy skin has been tested by many customers.
Important! The choice of the right drug must be approached thoroughly: it all depends on the source of the ailment, as well as the intensity of the itching and the extent of the damaged area.
Recommended tablets:
- "Loratadine";
- "Claritin";
- "Cetrin";
- Telfast;
- "Allergodil."
Traditional medicine recipes
Our ancestors used the methods of traditional medicine. There is an opinion that only pure natural products can cure all diseases, including getting rid of itchy skin.
Properly selected herbal preparations are suitable for oral administration. A combination of chamomile, lemon balm, linden flowers and mint, poured with boiling water, is suitable against scratching. After the liquid has infused for 20 minutes, add bee honey and strain through a gauze bandage. Drink 50 ml a few minutes before meals for 3 weeks.
Lemon balm tea is prepared against itching. This drink not only has a pleasant taste and smell, but is also healing. Drink regularly in the morning and evening.
A drink made from licorice, valerian, burdock root, nettle leaves and violet flowers is effective as a remedy for itching. Pour boiling water over the crushed ingredients, leave for half a day and drink 1 tbsp 3 times a day. l.
Sea buckthorn contains many useful components. Daily consumption of berries will soon give the desired results.
For external use, baths with decoctions of medicinal plants are perfect. The result is enhanced by herbal mixtures from several representatives of the flora. When preparing a decoction, pour boiling water over the chopped herbs and let it brew for an hour. After this, use gauze to clear the liquid and pour it into a bath of warm water. The recommended time for bathing children is 20 minutes.
Useful medicinal plants:
- nettle;
- series;
- oregano;
- calendula;
- chamomile;
- violet;
- thyme;
- horsetail
You can also make various ointments. For example, based on petroleum jelly and lanolin (wool wax) with the addition of propolis leaves. This cream should be applied 2 times a day. Compresses based on flax seeds, mint, oak bark, and nettle are also very effective.
A popular alcohol tincture with juniper is added to the water when bathing. The supplement relaxes, calms, and makes sleep healthy and sound.
Prevention methods
To prevent itchy skin, you need to adhere to preventive measures:
- Maintain personal hygiene.
- Treat diseases in a timely manner.
- Eliminate possible allergens and irritants.
- Avoid sudden changes in temperature.
- Get enough sleep.
- Limit the consumption of spicy, smoked and salty foods, alcohol and alcoholic beverages, honey, jam.
- Avoid dehydration.
- Don't wear tight clothes.
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Source: https://zen.yandex.ru/media/id/5ac6188977d0e6294fa5bef6/5acb4df8ad0f22da2dae0aeb
Means to accelerate healing
Healing boosters hydrate the skin and promote better healing. For this purpose, preparations based on natural ingredients, plant extracts and panthenol are used.
Among the most effective:
- products with panthenol;
- Boro Plus;
- Mustela;
- La Cree;
- external means with a series;
- Actovegin.
Separate mention should be made of Bepanten, which is effective and can be used during pregnancy and for diaper rash in children. The ointment has a healing effect. Apply a thin layer twice a day and rub in lightly. The cost of Bepanten is from 360 rubles.
Skin allergies in adults in the form of rashes, itching and blisters can lead, if left untreated, to serious consequences, including Quincke's edema. To prevent the situation from worsening, well-chosen treatment must be carried out, during which non-hormonal external agents are often used.
Causes of allergies
Every year the number of people suffering from allergies is growing. A variety of factors can provoke the development of the disease:
- unfavorable environmental conditions or changes in living conditions;
- heredity;
- stress;
- use of incorrectly selected cosmetics;
- taking a number of medications;
- unbalanced diet.
Allergens
The most common allergens include: household chemicals, synthetic materials, dust, pollen of certain plants, food and pet hair.
Ointment against allergies on the face
It can take a long time to consider the causes of allergies on the face - traditionally, the main reasons for its occurrence are considered to be poor diet, frequent nervous stress and weakened immunity. Any manifestations of allergies cause unpleasant symptoms and also bring psychological discomfort due to a changed appearance. There are a huge number of ointments against allergies on the face, each of them can be either effective or useless. The main thing is to select them correctly and distinguish them. The most popular are Hydrocortisone and Prednisolone ointments; they are universal and suitable for all cases. Although there are many others, let’s look at each group separately.
Hormonal
The most effective ointments for facial allergies in adults are considered to be hormonal (glucocorticoids). In the shortest possible time, they eliminate the signs of allergies, even in severe forms, putting them into remission. If you need to quickly solve a problem, for example, there is an important event ahead, then hormonal ointments are ideal. Their components actively act, destroying cells that provoke inflammation on the skin, affecting the allergy itself.
However, this group of drugs has an important distinctive feature - the components of the cream penetrate not only under the skin, but also into the blood, and therefore can cause irreversible processes throughout the body. Therefore, it is important to consult with your doctor about the need to use hormonal ointments. If you have chronic diseases, your doctor may prohibit their use.
“Fenkarol”, “Prednisolone”, “Elocom”, “Advantan” are well-known ointments that are part of this group. They are usually prescribed for severe allergic reactions when other drugs have not had the desired effect. In addition, it is not recommended to use them if the patient suffers from:
- high blood pressure;
- all types of infectious diseases;
- helminthiases.
And even if a hormonal cream is prescribed by a doctor, you should remember that its long-term use is unacceptable.
Hydrocortisone
The main component of this ointment is hydrocortisone. This is a synthetic drug that perfectly relieves inflammation and its manifestations; it does not cause side effects, so it can be safely used by all categories of patients.
The cream must be applied in a thin layer over the entire surface of the irritated skin area, several times a day. The duration of therapy depends on the severity of the allergy, in some cases it can reach 3 weeks. But generally the process of getting rid of it takes about a week, sometimes two.
If after 7 days of use no improvement is noticeable, and the condition begins to worsen, then use of the ointment should be stopped. Additional treatment with drugs against fungus and bacteria is possible.
There are also contraindications:
- individual intolerance to ointment components;
- if skin lesions are caused by viruses, fungi and tumors;
- there are wounds and ulcers;
- during pregnancy and lactation.
You can understand that the body does not accept the cream by the following signs:
- swelling that occurs;
- a new wave of redness;
- itching that did not exist before use;
- secondary wave of rash;
- hypertrichosis (suppression of the adrenal cortex, which is observed in rare cases).
In general, the successful long-term use of hydrocortisone ointment suggests that it is a fairly safe drug that is highly effective.
Prednisolone
This ointment for allergies on the face is an analogue of the previous one, therefore it is also considered effective. Its use provides quick relief from itching, flaking and other inflammatory processes. The cream is quickly absorbed, and its effect begins within 15-20 minutes. It is also applied to the skin of the face several times a day for 1-3 weeks, depending on the stage of the disease. Consultation with a doctor before starting use is required.
Elokom
This is another popular allergy cream related to hormonal drugs. Its peculiarity is to stimulate the formation of its own proteins, which should block the release of elements that provoke inflammation.
Due to the strong effect on the body, consultation with your doctor is required. Just like all steroid ointments, Elokom is persistently addictive, so it is better not to use it for a long time. All possible side effects are in most cases caused by abuse or misuse of the drug.
Traditional methods
Herbal compresses
Such compresses can relieve itching, prevent infection, and also have disinfectant and anti-inflammatory properties. It is best to use string, chamomile or sage.
You need to take two tablespoons of dried herbs and pour 0.5 liters of hot water and leave for an hour under the lid. Clean gauze should be soaked in this infusion and applied to the face throughout the day.
Raspberry decoction
Peeled and thoroughly washed raspberry roots are cooked for half an hour over low heat. Take this decoction two tablespoons three times a day.
Potato starch
If there are festering ulcers and wounds on the face, they can be sprinkled with natural potato starch.
It is worth noting that no matter how effective folk remedies are, they will not give results without drug treatment.
In the process of treating allergies, you should not think about the appearance, the main thing is to cure the disease from the inside, then the allergy symptoms will disappear without a trace.
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According to statistics, every fifth person on the planet experiences skin allergies at least once in their life. The modern pharmaceutical industry offers a lot of drugs to treat this disease. What types of skin allergy remedies are there, and how do they differ from each other?
Fight from within
The first remedy in the fight against a skin allergic reaction is antihistamines. The mechanism of action of the drugs is simple: once they enter the body, they block the action of the main instigator of the allergic reaction - histamine.
Depending on the patient's condition, antihistamines can be used in injectable or oral (taken by mouth) form. The injection solution enters the blood almost immediately, so its effect develops within a few minutes. The tablets take time to travel through the long digestive tract and dissolve in the intestines - patients feel their effect 30-60 minutes after taking it.
Therefore, injections for skin allergies are used only in extreme cases, for example, when the disease is complicated by swelling of the mucous membranes and subcutaneous fatty tissue (angioedema). In other situations, it is more rational to take oral forms.
According to their pharmacological properties, all antihistamines are divided into three groups:
- First generation drugs (Suprastin, Fenkarol). They have pronounced sedative properties. They act quickly, but not for long - within 3-4 hours. In addition to drowsiness, side effects may include dry mouth, increased heart rate, and constipation. Contraindicated for inflammation of the lower respiratory tract, pregnancy, and lactation. Suprastin tablets can be prescribed to children older than one month (after dissolving in water). Fenkarol is not recommended for children under 3 years of age.
- Second generation drugs (Claritin, Loratadine, Zyrtec, Zodac). Have a slight sedative effect. Valid throughout the day. Taken once a day. Practically do not cause negative reactions. Special dosage forms are produced for children - syrups and drops. Preparations based on cetirizine are recommended from 6 months, those based on loratadine - from one year.
- Third generation drugs (Telfast, Fexadin, Lordestin, Erius). The sedative effect is minimal or does not develop at all. The antiallergic effect appears an hour after administration and continues throughout the day. In rare cases, they can cause headache, nausea, and lethargy. Some drugs (Lordestin, Erius) are available in two forms - adult and pediatric (for children over one year old). Contraindicated during pregnancy, renal failure, and breastfeeding.
For chronic skin rashes (atopic dermatitis, eczema), Ketotifen is widely used. It reduces the activity of immune cells that produce histamine, which eliminates allergy symptoms. The strength of the effect is significantly inferior to antihistamines. However, unlike most of them, Ketotifen is not addictive. The antiallergic effect develops within 7-10 days from the start of administration. The course of treatment varies from 1 to 3 months.
For mild forms of allergies, the use of herbal preparations (Gistan capsules) gives good results. They contain herbal extracts that have anti-inflammatory and cleansing effects. Due to the cumulative effect, the effect of such funds does not develop immediately, but after a few days from the start of the course.
Individual herbs for skin allergies can also be used as an auxiliary therapy. Any plants that have choleretic (St. John's wort, immortelle, centaury) or diuretic (knotweed, lingonberry leaf) properties are suitable. They will speed up the removal of allergens from the body, which will promote recovery.
External treatment
For the local treatment of skin allergies, various groups of drugs are used:
- Antihistamine gels (Psilo-balm, Fenistil skin allergy gel). Eliminate itching, redness, swellingSwelling: symptoms and treatment. They practically do not cause negative reactions and can be used in childhood. The disadvantage of the drugs is that they increase the sensitivity of the skin to UV radiation, so their long-term use in the summer is undesirable.
- Creams, ointments, suspensions with zinc (Desitin, Tsindol). Indicated for the treatment of diaper rash and weeping types of allergic dermatoses. Zinc relieves itching, dries the skin, and protects the skin from irritating factors. The drugs are suitable for long-term use. May be prescribed for preventive purposes.
- Herbal remedies against skin allergiesSkin allergies - what are the possible manifestations (Gistan, La-Cri creams). They contain vegetable oils and extracts that have anti-inflammatory and softening effects. Plant-based creams eliminate skin rashes with mild urticaria, photodermatosis, and contact allergies.
- Corticosteroid ointments and creams (Elocom, Triderm, Celestoderm). They act most effectively, but are characterized by a high risk of adverse reactions. With long-term use, corticosteroids can cause secondary infections, thinning of the skin, and stretch marks. Prescribed when other antiallergic drugs are ineffective and only in short courses (no more than 15 days).
- Softening creams (Panthenol, Bepanten, Topikrem). Moisturizes the skin, reduces redness and flaking. Used as an adjuvant therapy or for prophylactic purposes.
- Calcineurin inhibitors (Elidel cream). Indicated for chronic types of allergic reactions: atopic dermatitis, eczema, psoriasis. The drugs have high anti-inflammatory and antipruritic activity. Adverse reactions often include burning at the site of application. Dispensed with a doctor's prescription.
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Non-hormonal drugs
Non-steroidal drugs are excellent against allergic rashes, and they save no worse. Their variety is wide, so they are divided into several groups:
- anti-inflammatory;
- antihistamines;
- with a healing and moisturizing effect.
The range of each group is very wide, which makes it easy to choose a good ointment at a suitable price that does not cause adverse reactions.
Relieving inflammation
These ointments are prescribed only in cases of severe allergies, accompanied by pain and fever. They do not fight the cause of the symptoms, but eliminate them. The most popular of them:
- Salicylic ointment is an inexpensive product that has proven itself to be excellent. Despite the huge number of modern expensive analogues advertised on TV, it continues to save patients without requiring extra costs;
- "Indovazin" - has an analgesic effect and relieves inflammation;
- “Nise” - relieves severe pain within 20-30 minutes after application.
It is important to remember that long-term use of external agents, even non-hormonal ones, can lead to complications. Therefore, you should follow the doctor’s recommendations and the manufacturer’s instructions.
Antihistamines
Their action is aimed at eliminating allergies, as well as neutralizing the consequences of its effects on the body as a whole. The most popular in this category are:
- “Fenistil gel” is an absolutely individual drug, since in some cases it shows high effectiveness, but in others it does not;
- “Psilo-Balm” - its action is in many ways similar to “Diphenhydramine”, so it is considered the best assistant in the fight against puffiness.
Antihistamine ointments show good results; if necessary, they can be combined with additional medications.
Healing (regenerating)
Ointments from this category also do not have a therapeutic effect, since their components do not act on the cause of the allergy. At the same time, they help to quickly cope with the skin reaction that has arisen, bring rashes and irritation to rapid healing. These ointments are used in combination, and the most famous of them are:
- “Radevit” is a non-toxic product that helps heal scratches, cracks and burst blisters;
- "Videsim" is an inexpensive drug that is highly effective;
- "Actovegin" - helps normalize metabolism and accelerates the restoration of damaged tissues.
All these ointments are absolutely safe, do not affect the human body, and therefore cannot cause deterioration.
You can also use zinc-based ointments to relieve irritation for faster healing. Despite the quick results, they do not eliminate the cause of the allergy.
How to choose an ointment?
Before going to the pharmacy, you need to understand what exactly led to the allergic reaction. Depending on this, medications are selected:
- reaction to sunlight - “Actovegin”, “Radevit”, “Videstim”;
- as a result of hypothermia - Fucidin, Elokom, Levomekol;
- due to diathesis - “Diaderm”, zinc ointment”, “Aktiderm”;
- allergies to decorative cosmetics and creams - Advantan, Fucidin, Elidel.
Treatment of food allergies, like any other, should be accompanied by consultation with a doctor and passing the necessary tests. A rash on the skin of the face is not the only consequence of a disorder in the body; shortness of breath, lethargy, weakness and other serious life-threatening symptoms may occur.
